I'm a behavioral ecologist interested in individual differences in behavior and cognition in wild animals. Heritable trait variation is required for natural selection and anthropogenic change is rapidly altering which traits increase survival and reproductive fitness. By focusing on consistent individual differences I hope to facilitate strategies for coping with changes in species behavior and ecology resulting from the altered selection pressures in our human-dominated world. I believe it is important to measure animal behaviors in the physical and social contexts in which they evolved, so I focus my research on animal groups in the field. This often requires creative measures to modify behavioral tests developed for lab subjects.